Integration of Informal Waste Segregation (Scavenging) for Efficient Waste Management System Iin Anambra State, Nigeria
Keywords:
cavenging,, Informal,, Waste Management,, Livelihood,, SortingAbstract
Studies have shown that informal waste segregation otherwise known as scavenging has contributed to the economic development of many countries in the world. This study explores the costs and benefits of scavenging in two cities of Anambra State of Nigeria with a view to determine its contribution to the economy and efficient waste management. The studies were carried out through interviews and structured questionnaire. The information sought were on socio-economic characteristics of scavengers, income, risks involved, benefits, scavenged materials, challenges etc. Two hypotheses, each, were postulated for the study carried out in Awka and Nnewi based on if there are significant costs and benefits of scavenging to the environment. The validity of the hypotheses was tested with chi-square and the results showed significant costs as well as benefits of scavenging activities to the environment. This paper is recommending a formalization of informal waste segregation and building it into the operations of the Waste Management Authority. Thus reducing the costs and risks and reaping the benefits to the enhancement of the economy, provision of legal means of livelihood and efficient waste management system.
References
Adeyemi, A.S. Olorunfemi, S and Adewoye, F.O. (2001)
Ahmed, A.S & Ali, M. (2004) Partnerships for Solid Waste Management in Developing Countires: Linking Theories to Realities, Habitat International, 28 (3), 46 – 47.
Haan,, H.C., Coad, A &Lardinois (1998); Municipal Waste Management Involving Micro and Small Enterprises Guidelines for Municipal Management. Turin, Italy: International Training Center of ILO, SKAT, WASTE Http: //www.Skat-foundation.org/
IISD, (International Institute for Sustainable Development) (2013) www.iisd.org/business/tools/bt_4r.aspx
Iskander, L.K. (2003); Integrating Local Community Based Waste Management into International Contracting. In proceddings of Solid Waste Collection that Benefits the Urban Poor 9 – 14 March, Dar Esallam Tanzania. http://www. Skat Foundation. Org/
ISWA (2002); Industry as a Partner For Sustainable Development.ISWA’s Contribtion to the World Summit on Sustainable Development.Prepared jointly with
UNEP. ISWA and UNEP ISBN-92-807-2194-2w Unetie.org/outreach/wssd/contributions …./waste:intm
Loan, S.U.(2002); “The Social Impacts of Urban Informal Sector in Developing Countries; Employment, Poverty Environment” Hanoi, vietnam.
Medina, M. (1997); “Scavenging on the Border”, A Study of Informal Recycling Sector in Loredo, Taxas and Nuero Laredo, Ph.D Dissertation Yale University.
Nzekwe, I.C. (2013); Environmental Benefit and Cost of Scavenging in Awka, Anambra State. Unpublished B.Sc. Project, Anambra State University.
Okoli, A.I. (2013); Environmental Benefits and Costs of Scavenging in Nnewi, Nnewi North L.G.A., Anambra State, Unpublished B.Sc. Project, Anambra State University.
Olufayo,Olu& B.J. Omotosho (2007) Waste Scavenging as a Means of livelihood in South Western Nigeria.Department of Sociology University of Ado –Ekiti, Nigeria.
Uchegbu, S.N. (2002)Urban Waste Management and Sustainable Development in Nigeria.Environmental Studies and Research Journal 1 (2), October
UN-Habitat (2009) Structure Plans for Onitsha, Awka and Nnewi.
United nations (2005); United Nations Millennium Development Goals http://www.un.org/milleniumgoals/;
Waste Scavenging in Third World Countires, A Case Study of Ilorin, Nigeria. Environmentalist 21 (2), 93 – 96
Wilson, D.C. Velis, C &Cheesman, C. (2006) Role of Informal Sector Recycling in Waste Management in Developing Countries. Habitat International (30), 707 – 808.
